Closing device for gripping a strand of hair in heating tubes for heating strands of hair



--Sept. 15, 1931.

G. QDUCART 1,823,391

CLOSING DEVICE FOR GRIPPING A STRAND OF HAIR IN HEATING TUBES FOR HEATING STRANDS OF HAIR Filed Oct. 13. 1950 Patented Sept. 15,1931

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GUILLAUMEDUGART, OF PARIS, FRANCE CIDSING DEVICE FOR GRIPPIN G A STRAND OF HAIR. IN HEATING TUBES FOR HEATING STRANDS OF HAIR Application filed October 13, 1930, Serial No. 488,486, and in France October 24, 1929.

invention relates to the tubes or heaters employed in the treatment of strands of hair by heat and in particular in those for obtaining a so-called permanent wave, the

a ,5 strands of hair being generally impregnated 10 closing device for gripping the strand of hair, for use with these heating tubes, this device being mounted at the end' of the heating tubes and presenting numerous advantages. In particular it presents the following advantages: It porforms the double a function of a closing device for gripping the strandof hair and a very efiicient means Y for protecting, the head from the heat of the heating tube; it isof very small size and of little weight; it provides an absolutely fluid tight closure and itv can be combined with "independent closing means.

On account of thetwo-fold function they perform, that of acting as closing means and of protecting the: head, the closing devices according to the invention, which are simple in construction and extremely easy to position, provide a simplification with respect to the existing devices employed, which com-v n prise on'the one hand the closing device for the heating tube of more 7 or less complicated construction, most frequently mounted like the'hingedstOp erS of beer bottles, and on the other hand the. protecting member, which is generally in the form of a washer made of flannel, leather, etc. Thissimpli- ,ficationiwhich is obtained according to the invention in the construction of the apparatus, provides a still greater simplification in the positioning and removal, since the protecting washers are dispensed with, whereby the duration of the operations is consider ably reduced.

On the other hand, on account of the arrangementof fins provided beneath the base of the closing device, the area of contact between the closing device and the head is reduced and air is allowed to flow between the closing device and the scalp. 'Moreover, the combination in the closing devices according to the invention of closing devices proper and devices for protecting the scalp in one and the same device, has the effect of reducing the space occupied by the arrangement formed by these members.

On account of this feature the height is reduced to a minimum and it becomes possible to commence the waving of the strands of hair almost on the surface of the scalp and a better wave is consequently obtained. Further, the width and the weight are also reduced, so that the Whole of the heating tubes required for waving the whole of the head can be placed on a customers head,

without inconveniencing the latter, that is to say approximately forty tubes each containing a strand of hair, thus reducing considerably the duration of the'work in view of the fact that at the present time it is not possible, with the apparatus employed, to

put more than twenty to twenty-five tubes approximately in position at the same time, thus making it necessary to carry out two successive operations for waving a complete head.

On account of the absolute fiuidtight closure obtained with the closing devices for,

These advantages and others not mentioned will moreover appear more clearly from the following description of a closing device for gripping a strand of hair constructed according to the invention and il lustrated diagrammatically by way of constructional embodiment in the accompanying drawings to which reference will be made.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the closing device for gripping the strand of hair, as-

sumed to have been secured on a strand of.

hair at the root and provided with a clamping yoke.

Figure 2 is a vertical diametral section taken along the plane B B, of the slot in the closing device, in which slot the strand of hair is gripped. I

Figure 3 is a plan of Figure 1, viewed from above.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the under face of the closing device, which is assumed to have been turned over in order to show. the base provided with the protecting fins...

Figure 5 isa diametral section taken along the line AA, of the closing device provided with the clamping yoke.

Figure 16 isfa front elevation of the clamp- I ing yokeshown alone, and

below.

ividing a perfect engagement of the closing "'50- a I 1 At the lower part the rubber closing dedevice over the tube.

vice 1 comprises a series of projections, ribs or fins 8 moulded on its base and adapted to reduce the surface "of contact of the closdevice with the head, While permitting air 'to circulate between the scalp and the closing device. According to the 'form of construction which seems preferable, the fins '8 have the form of wedges rising on the base 1 of the closing device, from the periphery towards the centre. This arrangement peran efficient circulation of air and reduces the surface of contact between the closlng' dev ce and the head to a minimum, thus practically 'a'nnuling the effects of radiation of the heating body towards the scalp.

.The closing device 1, made of rubber, is

split at9, after moulding, over the whole of its height along a diametral plane; the slot 9 does not however extend over the whole dlameter, as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4 'so as to allow the part which is not split to form a hinge, it In order'top I "roduce the'action of thelips of {the slot'9 which is necessary in order to make the closing device absolutely fluid tight, be-

I tween which lips the strand of hair 4 passes and is gripped,'clamping means independent from the closingdevlc-e are prov1d'ed.-

sist in a metal yoke (Figures 6 and 7) the arms 10 and 11 of which are'pivoted at 12 [and each terminate in an inclined raised portion 10 and llf frespectively, Upon the inclined raised portion 10 a closing 'bar'13 In theexample illustrated these means conis mounted on a hinge at 15 in an inclined plane in which bar is formed a longitudinal slot 14 in which the inclined raised portion 11 of the arm 11 of the pivoted yoke'engages in the closed position. In the end or" the bar 13 is provided an internal thread receiving a clamping screw'16 the point of which acts on the raised portion 11 engaged in the slot 14.- I I When the raised portion 11 isengaged in the slot 14, as. shownin the drawing, the arm 11 of the yoke can be made to approach the arm 10 by operating the screw '16 acting upon the raised portion11 which "is adapted to slide in the slot 14, thus increasing the clamping actionof the member adapted to be interposed between the two arms.

7 On the contrary, in order to remove this clamping action, it is sufficient, after having 'unscrewedthe screw 16,'t'o make the bar 13 swing upwards about the pivot 15, thus disengaging the 'arm 11 which can then be pivoted about the pivot 12 (as shown in dotted lines in Figure 7 The closing device is constructed in such 1 a way that the body itself of the closing device is separated from the base 1' by a deep groove and is only connected to the base by a diametral block 1 (Figure 5) o'frectangujlaror trapezoidal shape, over which the yoke 10, 11 engages, the arms of the latter exerting their pressure on the walls of the said block which is, moreover,shaped insuch a Way as to permit the lodgm'ent of the pivot endsof the arms 10 and 11, the body of the closing device being mo eove recessed at 17 in order to permit this ,lodgment.

In order to provide a more efiicient gripping action by making it 'bear over the whole of the height of the slot 9"dividingfthe closing'device, the arms "10 and 11 of'the yo'ke are provided "with upper extensions or frames 10" and l 'l 'engaging'the external sur- With the devices thus constructed, their method of use I is easily understood. The strand of hair 4 being assumed tob'e wound on a curler 5, it is inserted a's'nearas'possible to the root in the slot 9 of the closing device which, on account of its elasticity, exerts afiat "grip on the strand ofhair inserted'ji'nlthe slot.

An open yoke is then'taken which inserted in the space existing'between'the'bo'dy itself of the closing device and it's base 1 the yoke being arranged in such a way that its arms 10 and 11 are situated on either'side of the walls of the solid part 1 and the'joint 12 situated in the axis of the slot 9 on the undivided side.

The yoke is then closed asdescribed'above and'an absolutely'fluid tight jointis obtained.

of the closing device with the edge 7 of the p The heating tube 13 is next placed round the curler 5 and is inserted in the upper recess 2 said tube penetrating into the groove 6.

It is clearly understood that without going outside the scope of the invention modifications and improvements of details may be made, and similarly the use of equivalent means may be imagined.

(It is also clearly understood that this type of closing device may be employed for all tubes in which strands of hair are treated, other than by heat. What I claim is: I

1. A closing device for gripping a strand of hair, adapted to be fitted at the end of tubes in which the strands of hair are treated by heat or otherwise, in particular for obtaining so-called permanent waves, the said closing device being characterized by the feature that it is formed by a rubber block split diametrally over the whole of its height while leaving a solid part forming a hinge, the said rubber block being shaped so as to comprise a recessed part receiving the end of the heating tube, seatings for receiving the action of a clamping member and a base provided with projections, ribs or fins reducing the contact surface between the closing device and the head and permitting air to circulate between the closing device and the scalp.

2. A closing device for gripping a strand of hair as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fins provided upon the base of the closing device have the form of wedges rising on the base from the periphery to the centre.

3. A closing device for gripping a strand of hair as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping member is removable and is formed by a yoke the arms of which exert a gripping action over the outer walls of a small diameter part connecting the body itself of the closing device with the base, the said arms preferably further comprising frames engaging the outer surface of the said closing device and adapted to grip projecting angles on the closing device, the yoke being closed by means of a bar hinged upon one of the arms and comprising a slot in which the end of'the outer arm can be made to move by means of a clamping screw.

p v In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

GUILLAUMEl DUOART. 

